Rural Plots and the SIGPAC System
Everything You Need to Know Before Buying Rural Land on the Costa Brava
Buying a rural plot in Spain can be a great opportunity—whether to enjoy the natural surroundings, develop agricultural activities, launch a tourism project, or simply as an investment. However, it’s essential to clearly understand the legal, tax, and land-use restrictions that apply to this type of land.
What Is SIGPAC?
SIGPAC (Geographic Information System for Agricultural Parcels) is an official registry that allows users to identify all agricultural and rural plots across Spain using satellite maps and public databases.
This system provides key information such as:
- Exact location of the plot
- Surface area and geometry
- Current land use (crops, pastures, forestry, non-productive, etc.)
- Parcel code for administrative procedures
- Eligibility for CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) subsidies
Why Is SIGPAC Important for Foreign Buyers?
Before purchasing rural land—especially if you’re unfamiliar with Spanish regulations—SIGPAC is essential for understanding the type of land use and whether your intended project is feasible.
For example:
- Is construction allowed?
- Is the land protected or classified as forest area?
- Does it have access to public roads?
- Is it suitable for tourism, agricultural, or livestock activities?
Types of Land: Urban vs. Rural
In Spain, there are three main categories of land:
- Urban Land
Fully buildable without restrictions. Equipped with essential services (water, electricity, sewage). - Buildable Land (Urbanizable)
Designated for future development, but may require complex urban planning procedures. - Rural or Non-Buildable Land
Intended for agricultural, forestry, or livestock use. Construction is generally not allowed except for specific, justified purposes (such as buildings related to farming or projects of public interest).
Can You Build on Rural Land?
In most cases, it is not permitted to build a residential home on rural (non-developable) land.
In Catalonia, each municipality has its own urban planning regulations, so it is essential to consult with a local technical architect or surveyor before proceeding with any purchase or project.
What Documentation to Review Before Buying
Before signing the purchase of a rural plot, we recommend reviewing the following:
- Cadastre certificate and SIGPAC map
- Registered deeds and verified ownership
- Urban planning status according to the local municipality
- Availability of utility connections: water, electricity, internet
- Legal access via roads or easements
- Presence of protected zones (natural parks, forest land, etc.)
Taxation on the Purchase of Rural Land
Just like residential properties, the purchase of rural land is subject to the Transfer Tax (ITP), which in Catalonia is 10% of the declared sale price.
In addition:
- If the land generates income (e.g., rental, agricultural use), annual tax obligations may apply.
- The land becomes part of your assets in Spain, so as a non-resident, you must declare the Non-Resident Income Tax (IRNR).
- Some plots may be subject to local fees or eligible for subsidies, especially if used for agricultural activities.
Specialized Service for International Buyers
As an agency specialized in assisting foreign clients, we help you avoid common mistakes and ensure that:
- The land is legally eligible for sale
- Its use is compatible with your plans (construction, rural tourism, investment, etc.)
- It has legal access and can be connected to basic services
- You fully understand all fiscal, legal, and technical implications
In addition, we work with local experts in urban planning, architects, and legal professionals who review the entire operation on your behalf—even if you are not physically present in Spain.
Interested in Buying a Rural Plot?
Contact us for a free consultation. We provide advice in your language, review every legal and technical detail, and guide you through the entire buying process on the Costa Brava.
